Faucet.



Patented Nov. 3, 1908.

2 SHEETSSHEET 1.

. I7 v l l .I

G. B. WHITNEY.

FAUGET.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 12, 190s.

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C. B. WHITNEY.

PAUGET.

APPLICATION FILED MAY l2, 1906. 902,786, Patented Nov. 3, 1908. 2SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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muren srafrns PATENT OElEifCE.

CHARLES B. WHITNEY, OF HYDE PARK, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO THE SIMPLEXFAUCET COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF MASSACHUSETTS.

FAUCE T.

No. eoavse.

Application filed May 12, 1906.

Specification of Letters Patent.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, CHARLES B. l/Vi-IITNEY, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Hyde Park, in the county of Norfolk and State ofMassachusetts, have invented new and useful Improvements in `Faucets, ofwhich the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in faucets and ball cocks, theobject of the invention being to provide a faucet or ball oock which isclosed by the pressure of the water and in such a manner as to do awaywith the shock or jarring known as water hammer.

The object is further to provide a device of the character referred toin which the valve is closed in such a manner that it will be sure tofind its own seat thus preventing any tendency to leak, the valve beingprovided with a stem which extends longitudinally upon opposite sides ofthe valve disk and is operated by certain means or mechanism hereinafterfully described which means or mechanism bears against the opposite endsof said stem, the valve thus being suspended as it were between twopoints and only guided in its longitudinal movement from extreme lateraldisplacement.

The object of the invention is still further to so connect the lever bywhich the faucet is opened that the easing may be swiveled .relativelythereto to any desired position aecording to the location of the faucetor according to the desire of the person operating the faucet.

T he invention consists in the combination and arrangement of parts setforth in the following specification and particularly pointed out in theclaims thereof.

Referring to the drawings: Figure 1 is a central longitudinal section,partly in elevation, of a faucet embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is asection, partly in plan, taken on line 2-2 Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is an enlargedcentral longitudinal section partly in elevation of the plunger. Fig. 3ais an enlarged side elevation of a modified form of plunger. Fig. 4L isan enlarged section of the disk and its locking nut attached to thevalve stem, said valve stem being shown in elevation. Fig. 5 is alongitudinal section, partly in elevation, illustrating my inventionapplied to a ball cock for a closet tank, the ball cock lever beingbroken to save space.

Like numerals refer to like parts throughout the several views of thedrawings.

In the drawings, referring to Figs. 1 to 4, inclusive, 8 is the casingof a faucet consisting of a body portion 9 having a spout 10, a base 11,and a cap 36. The base 11 is adapted to be fastened to a bowl and isformed in the usual manner having a tubular shank 13 which projectsthrough the fixture to which the faucet is to be attached and has aflange 141 at its end, said shank being screw-threaded at its lower endin order that it may be clamped by suitable nuts to the fixture to whichit is attached. The base 11 is attached by screw-threaded engagementtherewith to the body portion 8 and has in the interior thereof an inletpassage 15 into which an annular flange 16 projects. The body portion 9is also provided with an annular flange which forms a seat 17 for thevalve 18. The valve 18 consists of a stem .19 which has attached theretoa disk 2O provided with a washer 21 located in a cylindrical recessformed in the upper face of said disk.

The disk 2O has screw-threaded engagement with the stem 19 and bearsupon its upper faee against a flange 22 integral with the stem 19, saiddisk is pressed against the flange 22 and held locked upon the stem 19by means of a nut 23. The lower end of the stem 19 bears against the toof a plunger 24 adapted to slide longitudinally thereof in the inletpassage 15. Said plunger is preferably constructed of a tube 25 closedat its lower end as seen in Fig. 3, and provided with slots 26 extendinglongitudinally thereof. The upper end of the tube 25 has an invertedcup-shaped head 27 provided with perforations 28.

In its operation the head of the plunger 24 has sliding contact with thewalls of the inlet passage 15 and the tubular shank 25 slides in Contactwith the annular flange 16. A spiral spring 29 encircles the tubularshank 25, one end bearing against the head 27 and the other end thereofbearing against the annular flange 16. The valve 18 is moved away fromits seat by means of a lever 30 and pin 31. The pin 31 has an annularflange 32 thereon, which slides in a cylindrical recess 33 formed in thetop ofthe body portion 9 of the casing. The upper end of the pin 31bears against the underside of the lever 30, said lever being providedwith a pivot 34. which extends laterally therethrough and into a holder35, which is inclosed Within the cap 36.

The holder 35 is slotted at 37 and the cap 36 is slotted at 38 toreceive the lever 3() and to allow said lever to rock upon its pivot.The cap 36 has an annular flange 39 upon the bottom thereof whichprojects beneath a similar flange 40 formed upon a sleeve 41 which hasscrew-threaded engagement with the top of the body portion 9 of thecasing. The sleeve 41 at its lower edge bears against the shoulder 42formed upon the body portion 9, said shoulder being so located that whenthe sleeve 41 is screwed down firmly thereagainst the cap 36 will beheld against the top of the body portion of the casing, but will be freeto rotate thereon, sc that the lever 30 can be rotated with said cap andwith the holder 35 to any desired position relatively to the casing,thus adapting the lever to be placed in different positions as may suitthe convenience of the user or as may suit the requirements of thefaucet when placed in different positions.

The stem 19 is preferably rounded at the top and bottom thereof so thatit bears against the lower end of the pin v31 and against the ulpper endof the plunger 24 upon a very smal area. The disk 20 is guidedagainst-any extended lateral displacement by guide ribs 42 integral withthe casing body 9 and projecting inwardly from said casing toward thecenter of the stem 19. There is, however, a slight space between theperiphery of the disk 2() and these ribs 42 which allows the valve tomove freely and also allows the disk'to seek its own seat upon the valveseat 17, thus preventing any leakage.

In Fig. 1 the lever 30 is shown depressed, the valve being opened andthe flange 32 upon the pin 31 pressing against the bottom of the recess33, this flange thus prevents any leakage around the lever 30 and cap 36due to back pressure of the water when the valve is opened. The interiorof the body portion of the casing above the valve seat constitutes anoutlet chamber 43, the interior of the body portion of said valve belowthe valve seat constitutes an inlet chamber 44, into which the inletpassage 15 opens.

The slots 26 in the tube 25 are so located that when the valve is closedsaid slots terminate above the lower edge of the annular flange 16, andwhen the valve is open said slots project downwardly below said annularflange.

Having thus specifically described my invention, bI will now proceed ltodescribe the operation thereof having still reference to Figs. 1 to 4,inclusive. Assuming the valve to be open as illustrated in Fig. 1, thewater will enter through the inlet passage 15 in the direction of thearrow a, Fig. 1, and will pass through the slots 26 into the interiorvof the plunger 25 and lcompletely fill the inlet passage 15. Pressingthe flange 27 upwardly against the bottom end of the stem 19, the

water will flow through the perforations 2S and into the inlet chamber44, from this it will pass through the space between the valve disk andvalve seat into the outlet chamber 43 thence flowing outward through thespout 10. Upon releasing the lever 30 the pressure of the water willclose the valve by pressing upwardly upon the plunger until the disk 20comes to a seat upon the valve seat 17. During the latter portion of theupward movement of the plunger, the slots 26 move upwardly until thebottoms of said slots are located above the bottom of the annular flange16 and the water is thus gradually shut ofl from direct connection withthe valve, but will still press against the bottom of the plunger andhold the same firmly against the lower end of the stem of the valve,whereby said valve is kept against the seat.

is to assist the operation of the device in preventing a rebound or)ar-ring of the valve after it has come to a bearing upon its seat, butthe gradual shutting off of the water by the slotted plunger 26 is theprincipal cause in this device of the elimination of such jarring orhammering known as the water hammer' lt will be understood that theplunger 24 is preferably a differential plunger, that is, the area ofthe head minus the area of the perforations therein is greater than thearea of the lower end of the shank, so that when the valve is open as inFig. 1 and the pressure upon the lever 30 is removed, the force of thewater tending to close the valve in so far as the upward pressure uponthe under side of the head is concerned, is greater than the pressure ofthe water downwardly upon said plunger against the upper or inner faceof the bottom thereof, but not so great as would be the case if theplunger were not a differential plunger. In other words, the area of theunder side of the head 27 minus the area of the perforations therein andminus the area of the upper face of the bottom of the plunger 24 isgreater than the area of the lower face of the bottom of said plunger.Therefore, the pressure on the lower face of the plunger 24 plus thepressure on the under side of the head 27 is greater than the pressureon the upper side of the lower end of said plunger. Consequently, theplunger 24 moves upwardly assisted by the spring 29, but the lower endsof the slot 26 almost immediately pass beyond the bottom of the annularflange 16, thereby shutting off the supply of water from the inletpassage 15 to the pasl sages above the annular flange 16. Pressure nowexists only on the lower face of the lower end of the plunger' 24. Thepressure on the lower face of the bottom of the plunger 24 assisted bythe spring 29 still continues to move the plunger upwardly, but water,

The function performed by the spring 29 course, remains in the inletchamber 44 and l ential plunger adapted to slide in said inlet in theoutlet chamber 43. As the plunger 24 continues to move upwardly, thespace between the head 27 and the flange 16 increases and, therefore,continued upward movement of the plunger 24 tends to produce a vacuum inthe space between said head and said flange and, therefore, a portion ofthe water contained in the chamber 44 is compelled to flow downwardlythrough the perforations 28 and outwardly through the slots 26 into thespace surrounding the tube 25. This tendency to form a vacuum betweenthe head 27 and the annular flange 16 obviously checks the upwardmovement of the plunger 24 and its speed is limited by the speed of thewater which flows downwardly through the perforations 28 through theslots 26 and into the space between the head 27 and flange 16.Therefore, after the lower ends of the slots 26 have passed upwardlybeyond the under side of the flange 16, the upward movement of theplunger 24 and disk 2() is very slow and said disk is moved into contactwith its seat 17 very gently without rebound or hammering. lf desired,the plunger may be made with the slots 26/ of different lengths or withtheir lower ends terminating at different distances from the bottom ofthe plunger as illustrated in Fig. 3a.

In Fig. 5 l have illustrated a modified form of my invention adapted tobe used as a ball cock in which the principle of operation is the sameas that described in Figs. 1 to 4, inclusive, except that the lever 30of the form hereinbefore described is replaced by a lever 30 which is aball cock lever and is supported upon a pivot 34 fast to ears 45 formedupon the casing 8. The lever' 30 has a cam-shaped or eccentric-shapeddisk 46 integral therewith which bears against one end of the pin 31.The casing 8 consists of a body portion Q having a spout 10 and a base11. The valve 18 consists of a stem 19 and a disk 20/ which is adaptedto bear against the seat 17 formed in the casing. The plunger 24 bearsagainst one end of the valve stem 19 and is encircled by a spring 29.similar to the action of the form of my invention which l have describedand illustrated in Figs. 1 to 4, inclusive, in so far as the operationof the pin 31, valve 1S', and plunger 24/ is concerned.

Having thus described my invention what l claim and desire by LettersPatent to secure is:

1. A faucet comprising in its construction a casing provided with aninlet chamber and an outlet chamber, there being an inlet passageconnecting with said inlet chamber, a valve seat located in said casingbetween said inlet and outlet chambers, a valve adapted to be pressedagainst said seat by the pressure of the water, and a hollow differ- Theaction of this device is exactly.y

passage and bearing against said valve, said plunger having slidingcontact with the walls of said inlet passage.

2. A faucet comprising in its construction a casing provided with aninlet chamber and an outlet chamber, there being an inlet passageconnecting with said inlet chamber, a valve seat located in said casingbetween said inlet and outlet chambers, a valve adapted to be pressedagainst said seat by the pressure of the water, and a hollowdifferential plunger adapted to slide in said inlet passage and bearingagainst said valve, said plunger having sliding Contact with the wallsof said inlet passage, and being provided with slots in its peripheryextending longitudinally thereof for a portion of its length and withholes in the end thereof adjacent to said valve.

3. A faucet comprising in its construction a casing provided with aninlet chamber' and an outlet chamber, there being an inlet passageconnecting with said inlet chamber, a valve seat located in said casingbetween said inlet and outlet chambers, a valve adapted to be pressedagainst said seat by the pressure of the water, a plunger adapted toslide in said inlet passage consisting of a perforated head, and ahollow slotted shank, the area of said head minus the area of saidperforations therein being greater than the area of the end of saidshank farthest removed from said head, said head adapted to slide incontact with the interior wall of said inlet passage, and said shankadapted to slide in contact with an annular flange in said inletpassage, the slots in said shank being so located that when said valveis in contact with said seat said slots are located between said annularj flange and valve seat.

4. A faucet comprising in its construction a casing provided with aninlet chamber and an outlet chamber, there being an inlet passageconnecting with said inlet chamber, a valve seat located in said casingbetween said inlet and outlet chambers, a valve adapted to be pressedagainst said seat by the pressure of the water, a plunger adapted toslide in said inlet passage consisting of a perforated head and a hollowslotted shank, the area of said head minus the area of said perforationstherein being greater than the area of the end of said shank farthestremoved from said head, said head adapted to slide in contact with theinterior wall of said inlet passage and said shank adapted to slide incontact with an annular flange in said inlet passage, the slots in saidshank being so located that when said valve is in contact with saidseat, said slots are located between said annular flange and valve seat,and a spring encircling said shank, one end bearing against said head,the other against said flange.

5. A faucet comprising in its construction a casing provided with aninlet chamber and Y an outlet chamber, there being an inlet passageconnecting with said inlet chamber, a valve seat located in said casingbetween said inlet and outlet chambers, a valve consisting of a disk anda stem fast thereto and projecting beyond said disk upon opposite sidesthereof, said disk adapted to be pressed against said seat by thepressure of the water, a differential plunger adapted to slide in saidinlet assage and bearing against one end of sait stem and means bearingagainst the opposite end of said stem to force said disk away from saidvalve seat.

6. A faucet comprising in its construction, a casing provided with aninlet chamber and an outlet chamber, there being an inlet passageconnecting with said inlet chamber, a valve seat located in said casingbetween said inlet and outlet chambers, a valve consisting of a disk anda stem fast thereto and projecting beyond said disk upon opposite sidesthereof, said disk adapted to be pressed against said seat by thepressure of the water, a differential plunger consisting of a head and ashank of smaller diameter than said head, said head bearing against oneend of said stern and ada ted to slide in contact with the interior wa lof said inlet passage, a slidable pin bearing against the opposite endof said stem, and a lever pivoted to said casing and bearing againstsaid pin.

7. A faucet comprising in its construction a casing provided with aninlet chamber and an outlet chamber, there being an inlet passageconnecting with said inlet chamber, a valve seat located in said casingbetween said inlet and outlet chambers, a valve adapted to be heldagainst said seat by the pressure of the water, a differential plungerconsisting of a head and a shank of smaller diameter than said head,said head bearing against said valve, a pin slidable in a recessprovided in said casing one end thereof bearing against said valve, anannular flange on said pin, and means to move said pin longitudinally ofsaid valve, whereby said valve is moved away from said seat and saidflange is brought into contact with the bottom of said recess.

8. A faucet comprising in its construction a casing provided with aninlet chamber and an outlet chamber, there being an inlet passageconnecting with said inlet chamber, a vave seat located in said casingbetween said inlet and outlet chambers, a valve adapted to be pressedagainst said seat by the pressure of the water, a differential plungerconsisting of a head and a shank of smaller diameter than said head,said head bearing against said valve, said head being provided withports extending therethrough, a pin slidable in a recess provided insaid casing one end thereof bearing against said valve, an annularflange on said pin, means to move said pin longitudinally of said valve,whereby said valve is moved away from said seat and said flange isbrought into contact with the bottom of said recess, a holder adapted torotate about a vertical axis, and a lever adapted to rock upon saidholder about a horizontal axis, said lever adapted to bear against saidpin.

9. A faucet comprising in its construction a casing provided with aninlet chamber and an outlet chamber, there being an inlet passageconnecting with said inlet chamber, a valve seat located in said casingbetween said inlet and outlet chambers, a valve adapted to be pressedagainst said seat by the pressure of the water, a differential plungerhaving a head adapted to slide in said inlet passage and bearing againstone side of said valve, said head having ports extending therethrough,and means bearing against the opposite side of said valve adapted toforce said valve away from said valve seat.

10. A faucet comprising in its construction a casing provided with aninlet chamber and an outlet chamber, there being an inlet passageconnecting with said inlet chamber, a valve seat located in said casingbetween said inlet and outlet chambers, a valve adapted to be pressedagainst said seat by the pressure of the water, a differential plungerconsisting of a head and a shank of smaller diameter than said head,said head bearing against said valve and adapted to slide in contactwith the interior wall of said inlet passage and said shank adapted toslide in contact with an annular fiange in said inlet passage, saidplunger having passages extending longitudinally thereof, said secondpassages adapted to communicate from said first passage to said inletchamber when said valve is moved from said seat, and a spring encirclingsaid shank, one end bearing Jgainst said head and the other againstsaidange.

11, A faucet comprising in its construction a casing provided with aninlet chamber and an outlet chamber, there being an inlet passageconnecting with said inlet chamber, a valve seat located in said casingbetween said inlet and outlet chambers, a valve adapted to be heldagainst said seat by the pressure of the water, a differential plungerconsisting of a head and a shank of smaller diameter than said head,said head bearing against said valve and adapted to slide in contactwith the interior wall of said inlet passage and said shank adapted toslide in contact with an annular flange in said inlet passage, a pinslidable in said casing, one end thereof bearing against said valve, arotatable holder, a lever pivoted to said holder and adapted to bearagainst said pin, and a rotatable cap inclosing said holder.

12. A faucet comprising in its construction a casing provided with aninlet chamber and an outlet chamber, there being an inlet passageconnecting with said inlet chamber, a valve seat located in said casingbetween said inlet and outlet chambers, a valve adapted to be pressedagainst said seat by the pressure of the water, and a differentialplunger consisting of a head and a shank of smaller1 diameter than saidhead, said head bearing against said valve, said plunger having slidingcontact with the walls of said inlet passage.

13. A faucet comprising in its construction a casing provided with aninlet chamber and an outlet chamber, there being an inlet passageconnecting with said inlet chamber, a valve seat located in said casingbetween said inlet and outlet chambers, a valve adapted to be pressedagainst said seat by the pressure of the water, and a differentialplunger consisting of a head and a shank of smaller diameter than saidhead, said head bearing against said valve and adapted to slide incontact with the interior wall of said inlet passage and said shankadapted to slide in contact with an annular flange in said inletpassage, said head provided with ports extending therethrough, the areaof said head being greater than the end oi said shank farthest removedfrom said head.

14. A faucet comprising in its construction a casing provided with aninlet chamber and an outlet chamber, there being an inlet passageconnecting With said inlet chamber, a valve seat located in said casingbetween said inletand outlet chambers, a valve adapted to be pressedagainst said seat by the pressure of the water, and a differentialplunger consisting of a head and a shank of smaller diameter than saidhead, said head bearing against said valve and adapted to slide incontact with the interior wall of said inlet passage and said shankadapted to slide in contact with an annular flange in said inletpassage, said plunger being provided with passages extendinglongitudinally thereof adapted to communicate from said inlet passage tosaid inlet chamber when said valve is moved away from said seat.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of twosubscribing wit- IlGSSQS.

CHARLES B. WHITNEY. l/Vitnesses:

CHARLES S. GooDrNG, ANNIE J. DAILEY.

